益生素和低聚木糖对仔猪生长和养分消化性能的影响

Effects of probiotics and oligosaccharide on growth and nutrient utilization performance in piglets

【目的】研究益生素和低聚木糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、消化酶活性和养分表观消化率的影响。【方法】试验选择(35±2)日龄PIC杂交配套系断奶仔猪240头,随机分为4个处理组,每处理6个重复,试验期共30 d。试验用玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,各处理组营养水平一致,营养物质参考PIC猪的营养需要标准供给,其中处理Ⅰ组为正对照组;处理Ⅱ组为负对照组,较正对照组日粮含较多的植物性蛋白原料;处理Ⅲ组在负对照组日粮基础上添加350 g/t益生素;处理Ⅳ组在负对照组日粮基础上添加200 g/t低聚木糖。通过饲喂试验和消化试验测定并比较各处理组仔猪的生产性能和消化性能指标及其养分表观消化率。【结果】日粮中添加益生素或低聚木糖不影响仔猪的增重(P>0.05),但能显著(P<0.05)提高仔猪饲料转化效率及仔猪十二指肠和空肠胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶的活性;日粮中添加益生素能显著(P<0.05)提高仔猪对DM、CP和GE的表观消化率,添加低聚木糖能显著(P<0.05)提高仔猪对DM和GE的表观消化率,但对CP的表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05);在保育仔猪日粮中添加一定量的益生素或低聚木糖能显著降低仔猪的腹泻指数和死淘率(P<0.05)。【结论】仔猪玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加益生素和低聚木糖虽对仔猪增重无显著影响,但能提高仔猪对饲料的利用率,并能降低仔猪的腹泻指数和死淘率,故其在断奶仔猪饲养管理中有一定的应用潜力。

[Objective] The research is to study effects of probiotics and oligosaccharide on growth performance,activities of digestive ferment and nutrient utilization in weaned pigs. [Method] 240 PIC weaned pigs（（354-2） d of age） were randomly allotted into 4 groups with 6 replicates. These pigs were used in a 30 d performance and digestibility trial with four diets：control Ⅰ（no probiotics and oligosaccharide but more fish meal, whey powder and little soybean meal） , control Ⅱ （no probiotics and oligosaccharide and received basal diet） and groups with 350 g/t probiotics and 200 g/t oligosaccharide supplemented on control ]I. Diets were formulated according to PIC nutrient needs of pigs and composed of corn, soybean meal, whey powder and fish meal et al. Feeding trial, digestion trial and slaughter test on piglets were taken and then the performance, digestibility index together with apparent digestibility of nutrients were compared among each tested group. [Result] Pigs fed probiotics or oligosaccharide-supplemented had higher G ： F than those fed the control [1 diet（P〈0.05）,and increased activities of trypsin, pepsase, lipase and amylase in duodenum and jejunum （P〈0. 05）. The diets with probiotics supplemented could increase the apparent digestibility of DM,CP and GE significantly（P〈0.05） ,and that with oligosaccharide supplemented could increase the apparent digestibility of DM and GE significantly（P〈0.05）,but there were no difference in the apparent digestibility of CP （P〉0.05）. On average, when compared with control diet, probiotics or oligosaccharide supplementation depressed LBM and rates of the death. [Conclusion] There were no effect of probiotics or oligosaccharide on growth in weaned pigs fed on the basal diet composed of corn and soybean meal, but it could increase the utilization rates of diets and depressed LBM and rates of the death, so it was applied potentiality of probiotics and oligosaccharide in feeding management of weanling piglets.