道法自然、无为而学的境界——论老子的教育思想

In the Field of Natural Practices and Passive Learning——A Discussion of Lao Zi's Philosophy on Education

"道法自然,无为而治"是老子的主要思想。但他的"无为"并非是不作为,而是注重顺从自然规律,以不作为达到有作为,即所谓"无为而无不为"。治世是如此,引申到学习上也应遵循"道法自然,无为而治"这一法则。老子教育思想的理念:一是在于顺其自然,按照人的本性去发挥各人所长;二是淡泊名利,无私而学;三是在于言不在多,身教重于言教,因势利导,顺势而为。总之,在于把人的学习变成一种自觉的行为,使自己的潜能不断被挖掘和体现,学有所成。

＂To practice naturally, to govern passively＂ is Lao Zi＇s key philosophy. However, the term ＂passively＂ does not indicate inactivity, rather, it suggests to do things naturally and still achieve the same goal. This philosophy also applies to the learning process. Consequently, this article summarizes Lao Zi＇s theory on education into three points. Firstly, to pursue one＇s natural talent and develop it to its full potential; secondly, to learn purely for the purpose of learning, disregarding fame or personal benefits; thirdly, to talk less and take action instead, and to respond to situations accordingly. In eonelusion, learning should be a natural habit, where one discovers his/her talent and fully develops it into its full potential.