不同玉米品种生育期内含氮率的差异分析

Difference Analysis of Nitrogen Content among Different Maize Varieties in Growth Period

[目的]对不同氮高效玉米品种的选育提供理论依据。[方法]2000～2001年，对陕西省近几年推广的玉米杂交种进行氮营养效率的初步鉴定，选出了氮营养效率有代表性的3个品种，在2004年对其品种间含氮率差异进行研究。[结果]结果表明：在吐丝期前吸氮量大的陕单9号，在生育前期地上部各器官均具有最高的含氮率，而吐丝期前吸氮量少的豫玉22和掖单19，则具有相反的结果。吐丝期后，氮再转运能力强的陕单9号地上部各器官的含氮率下降幅度最大，而氮运转能力弱的豫玉22和掖单19则下降幅度较小。吐丝期后吸氮能力最弱的陕单9号在吐丝期时具有最高的含氮率.[结论]叶是最重要的吸收同化氮素的器官，穗在吐丝后是氮素再转运能力最强的器官。

[ Objective] The aim of the research was to provide theoretical basis for the breeding of different maize varieties with high-efficiency nitrogen. [ Method] In 2000 - 2001, the nitrogen nutrition efficiency of the maize hybrid varieties popularized in Shaanxi province in recent years were preliminarily identified to screen out 3 representative varieties with nitrogen nutrition efficiency, The differences of nitrogen contents among 3 maize varieties were studied in 2004. [ Result] The organs in aerial parts of Shandan 9 with great nitrogen absorption amount before spinning stage all had most nitrogen content in earl.v growth stage, while Yuyu 22 and Yedanl9 with little nitrogen absorption amount had the opposite results. After spinning stage, the nitrogen content in the organs of aerial parts of Shandan 9 with strong retransfer ability of nitrogen had the maximum decrease amplitude, while Yuyu 22 and Yedan 19 with weak retransfer ability had smaller decrease amplitude. And Shandan 9 with weakest nitrogen absorption ability, after spinning stage had highest nitrogen content in spinning stage. [ Conclusion] Leaf is the most important organ for absorbing and assimilating nitrogen element and spike is the organ with strongest retransfer ability of nitrogen after spinning.