两种穗型水稻穗部性状及籽粒灌浆特性的研究

Study on the Ear Characters and Grain-filling Characteristics of 2 Rice Varieties of Different Panicle Types

[目的]研究不同水稻穗部性状及其籽粒灌浆特性,为水稻高产栽培和高产育种提供必要的理论基础。[方法]选用直立穗型水稻品种辽粳326和弯曲穗品种奥羽316,在相同栽培条件下,研究2品种主穗穗部性状及其籽粒的灌浆特性。[结果]结果表明:2品种主穗上1次枝梗粒数均多于2次枝梗粒数,辽粳326每穗颖花数的差异主要是由2次枝梗数和2次枝梗粒数决定,而奥羽316恰相反。辽粳326的实粒数与结实率均高于奥羽316。2品种各级籽粒灌浆趋势为上部1次枝梗(PBt)籽粒>中部1次枝梗(PBm)籽粒>上部2次枝梗(SBt)籽粒>下部1次枝梗(PBb)籽粒>中部2次枝梗(SBm)籽粒>下部2次枝梗(SBb)籽粒。辽粳326的单茎草重和粒草干重明显高于奥羽316。[结论]辽粳326的灌浆能力优于奥羽316。

[ Objective] The aim was to study the ear character and grain-filling characteristics of different rice varieties so as to provide necessary theoretical foundation for high-yield cultivation and breeding of rice. [ Method] Under the same cultivation condition, the erection panicle rice varieties of Liaogeng 326 and the bended panicle rice varieties Aoyu316 were selected to study their ear character of main ear and grain-filling characteristics. [Result] The grains number on the primary branch was more than that on the secondary branch on the main ear of the 2 varieties. The difference of panicles number per ear of Liaogeng 326 was mainly decided by secondary branches and grains on the secondary branches and that of Aoyu 316 was just opposite. The full grains number and seed setting rate of Liaogeng 326 were higher than that of Aoyu 316. The grain-filling trend on each grade of the 2 varieties was grains on the primary branch （PBt） on the top part 〉 grains on the primary branch （PBm） on the middle part 〉 grains on the secondary branch （SBt） on the top part 〉 grains on the primary branch （PBb） on the below part 〉 grains on the secondary branch （SBm） on the middle part 〉 grains on the secondary branch （SBb） on the below part. The grass weight per stem and dry weight of grains and stems of Liaogeng 326 were obviously higher than that of Aoyu316. [Conclusion] The filling capacity of Liaogeng 326 was superior to Aoyu 316.