新型空间机械泵两相流冷却系统周期波动温度边界下的散热特性实验研究

Experimental Investigation on Characteristics of Mechanical Pumped Two-Phase Cooling System under Periodic Temperature Boundary Conditions

分析了机械泵驱动两相流冷却系统的工作原理、数学模型以及主要参数。在CO2为循环工质的实验台上,对机械泵驱动的主动式两相流冷却系统的主要部件的温度分布特性、阻力特性和流量特性进行了实验研究。对系统的热量传递特性进行计算分析。研究结果表明:冷凝边界的温度波动接近于30℃,在沿10 m的蒸发段,进出口温差能够保证小于0.3℃,温度随时间的波动小于0.4℃。分析表明,机械泵驱动两相流冷却系统具有较高的等温性和较稳定的传热特性;以机械泵为驱动力使得机械泵驱动两相流冷却系统以较小的能耗就能实现较大的热量传递,使主动式热控系统的工作能力得以提高。

This paper analyzes the work principle, mathematical model and main parameters for the two-phase flow cooling system driven by mechanical pump. Temperature distribution, resistance and flow mass of main components in the active two-phase cooling system driven by mechanical pump are experimentally studied. Heat transfer of the system is calculated and analyzed. The study results indicate that： when the temperature wave of the condensation boundary approaches 30 ℃, the difference between inlet and outlet temperatures can be kept less than 0.3 ℃ and the temperature change with time is less than 0.4 ℃, along the 10 m evaporation section. Analysis indicates that the two-phase flow cooling system driven by mechanical pump is of well isothermal characteristics and stable heat transfer. Calculation and analysis also indicate that this system can realize larger heat transfer with smaller energy consumption, which improves the work capa- bility of the active heat control system.