在过敏原皮肤试验中重复使用点刺针的合理性分析

Rational analysis of repeated use of lancet in skin prick test for allergy testing

目的比较进行过敏原皮肤点刺试验时，重复使用点刺针的合理性。方法选取40例接受过敏原皮肤试验的患者，分别于每人左右臂进行多次试验（多种变应原点刺液只用1根点刺针刺入皮肤）和单次试验（每一种点刺液分别使用1根点刺针刺入皮肤）。设安慰剂和组胺阳性对照。在进行常见7种吸入性过敏原皮肤点刺试验之后，测量风团直径，比较2种操作方法结果的真实性和2种操作方法成本的差异。结果多次试验组假阳性率为62．5％，其中产生（＋）的假阳性率为52．0％，产生（＋＋）的假阳性率为36．0％，产生（＋＋＋）的假阳性率为12，0％。但是单次试验组假阳性率为0，2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论只用1根点刺针进行多种过敏原皮肤点刺试验虽节约成本，但是假阳性率高。

Objective To analyze the rationality of repeated use of lancet in skin prick test. Methods We carried out skin prick test on the left and right arms of 40 patients using two methods, one is using one lancet with several allergens and the other is using one lancet with one allergen at a time. The placebo group and the histamine group were performed as negative and positive control respectively. The wheel diameter was measured and the authenticity and cost of the two methods were also compared. Results The false positive rate was 62.5% by using one lancet with several allergens among which rate of （＋）was 52.0%,rate of （＋＋）was 36.0% and rate of （＋＋＋）was 12.0%.However no false positive was observed by using one lancet with one allergen at a time. Statistically difference existed between the two groups（P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The method of using one lancet with several allergens at a time was economical but resulted in high false positive rate.