名优茶机采适期的研究

Study on the Optimum Machine-plucking Period for High Quality Tea

根据名优茶生产对鲜叶原料的要求,以一芽一、二叶及其对夹叶为标准芽叶,研究三个采摘时期机采鲜叶的机械组成变化规律。结果表明,标准芽叶达84.9%～75.0%(采摘期二)时机采,可以获得较高比率的名优茶原料,为机采适期。本试验条件下,按采摘期二标准进行名优茶机采,春茶机采间隔期约20 d。按鱼叶开展时间确定机采间隔期,春季鱼叶展后15d,秋季鱼叶展后12d为机采适期。杭州茶区春季平均展叶间隔期为5.4d/叶,秋季为4.2d/叶。适当调整机采时间,可获相应的名优茶生产原料要求。

On the basis of requirements for producing high quality tea, the seasonal variation of mechanical compositions of machine-plucked tea shoots under three plucking period was investigated when the following three criterions for tea shoots was pre-set up in one bud with one leaf and one bud with two leaves, and two-leaf banjhi. Results showed that high quality tea could be produced when the tea shoots were plucked in the period that 75.0%-84.9% shoots were met the one bud and tow leaves stage, and therefore this period can be defined as the optimum machine-plucking time. It was also showed that if machine-plucking is performed based on the above-defined criterion, the interval of machine-plucking in spring would be around 20 days, if an optimum period of machine-plucking is defined on the basis of the formation of a fish-leaf, it could be 15 days after the formation of fish-leaf in spring and 12 days in autumn. The average maturing time of a tea-leaf is 5.4 days in spring and 4.2 days in autumn in Hangzhou. Thus, a suitable regulation of machine-plucking period, will obtain the required plucked tea shoots for the manufacture of high quality tea.