20世纪前期天津水供给与城市生活的变迁

Tianjin's Water Supply and the Evolution of Urban Life in the Early 20^(th) Century

自来水的出现对近代城市的影响是巨大的,它改变了城市的空间结构,促进了城市市政体系的形成。天津作为一个商埠城市,租界的存在和城市行政的分割,使得水供给逐渐形成两大系统。不同的社会环境和市政制度,使自来水以不同的方式被城市社会接受。在租界,自来水的供给是近代化社区形成的基础,在老城区,自来水的传入更多表现出传统与新生活方式之间的冲突与交融。然而无论如何,从清末到民国时期,伴随着自来水进入人们的生活,健康、卫生等新的观念逐步被接受,近代城市生活方式逐渐形成。

The appearance of tap water had a great impact on modern cities.It changed the spatial structure of cities and promoted the formation of a system of municipal administration.As a treaty port,Tianjin had for a long time two water supply systems,due to the existence of foreign concessions and the division of municipal administration.Different social environments and administrative systems made urban society accept running water supply in different ways.In the foreign concessions,running water was a foundation of the modern community,but in old parts of Tianjin,the introduction of running water represented a conflict between and blending of traditional and new life styles.Regardless,from the late Qing through the Republican period,as the running water supply system entered into people's lives,new ideas of health and hygiene were gradually accepted by citizens and a modern urban life style gradually formed.