主观因素与学制变迁：从“实业教育”到“职业教育”改革之管见

Subjective factors and change of educational system:from pragmatic to vocational education

近现代中国学制的建立和变迁同当事人的主观因素具有直接的关系。清末的学制主要出自政治家的选择,1922年的新学制则更多地渗透了教育家的理想,二者的区别可以在"实业教育"到"职业教育"的变化当中得到反映。至于学制改革对职业教育发展的影响,不论它是否以学校之外的功利为中心,首要的还应取决于当时的客观环境。

Modern history justifies that the change of educational system is closely related to the subjective thinking of the administrators. This is the case of the contrast of educational systems by politicians and that of the educationalists in 1922 at the end of the Oing, which reflects the change from pragmatic to vocational education. This paper argues for an objective option on which any educational institution relies.