大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)四个不同地理群体数量形态特征比较

STATISTIC MORPHOLOGY DIFFERENCE AMONG FOUR TURBOT (SCOPHTHALMUS MAXIMUS) POPULATIONS

采用聚类分析、单因子方差分析和主成分分析方法,对4个不同地理群体大菱鲆进行了12项形态性状的测定,比较了4个群体的外部形态特征。聚类分析结果表明,4种大菱鲆群体中,丹麦和挪威之间及英国和法国之间的差异较小,丹麦、挪威和英国、法国之间的差异较大。方差分析多重比较结果表明,4个群体在部分形态特征上表现出明显差异,其中,英国和法国群体、挪威和丹麦群体之间形态特征差异显著指标较少,丹麦群体和英国群体、丹麦群体和法国群体、挪成群体和英国群体、挪威群体和法国群体之间差异显著指标较多。主成分分析构建了3个反映形态特征信息的综合性指标——主成分1、主成分2和主成分3,三者的贡献率分别为38.663%、14.117%和8.976%,三个主成分的累积贡献率为61.756%.分析结果显示,英国和法国群体、挪威和丹麦群体之间形态差异不显著,丹麦群体和英国群体、丹麦群体和法国群体、挪威群体和英国群体、挪威群体和法国群体之间形态差异显著,且差异主要来源于主成分1,而主成分1主要由经方差分析多重比较差异显著的指标组成,显然,主成分分析与聚类分析、方差分析的结论基本上是类似的,它们从不同的角度反映了群体间的形态学差异.

Statistic morphologic characters of four different populations of Scophthalmus maximus in Denmark, Nor- way, Britain, and France were revealed and compared on the basis of 12 morphological indices using hierarchical cluster, one-way ANOVA, and principal component analyses. The results show that among the four populations, the Danish and Norwegian are similar in morphology, so be the British and France ones. The Danish/Norway ones are quite different from Britain/France ones. One-way ANOVA analysis and multiple comparison have revealed also the same results. In principal component analysis, three principal components were constructed, the contributions from the first, second and third prin- cipal component were 38.663%, 14.117% and 8.976%, respectively. The cumulative contribution rate was 61.756%. The results show that the morphological variations of Denmark-Norway population and Britain-France population are small but large in other pairs. Moreover, the discriminative variation comes mainly from the first component. Therefore, the 3 different statistic methods on the morphology of the species demonstrated a consistent result that indicates the biological affinity of the animal.