黄河三角洲地区多水源联合调度及其环境效应研究

Study on the Arrangement of Multi-source Water and the Environmental Influence in Yellow River Delta

黄河三角洲地区南部广饶县处于淄河冲洪积平原与三角洲海积冲积平原交接部位,因形成以花园和稻庄为中心的地下水降落漏斗而造成北部咸水以3.0km^2/a的速度向南入侵。建立该区地下水、地表水和引黄河水多水源联合调度优化模型,其目标函数是使各时段研究区地下水位降深之和最小,其约束条件包括供水量、开采井取水量、引黄河水量、节水量、水位等。预测结果表明,每个区采取包括节水、减少地下水开采量、拦蓄地表水或引黄河水补给地下水、井灌区改为渠灌等不同措施,到2010年,花园和稻庄漏斗中心水位将分别由过去的低于-20.00m上升为-14.00m和-12.66m; 2003年后,能够在稻庄北部形成反漏斗(淡水帷幕),阻止北部咸水入侵。环境效应显著。

Guangrao county where is in the south of Yellow tween the Zihe river alluvial plain and the delta marine River delta located in the connective region betion plain. Owing to the formation of pumping cone around Huayuan and Daozhuang, the salty groundwater has inbroken from the north to the south at rate of 3.0km^2/a, The optimized model of the arrangement of multi-source water should be established. The objective function of this model is to minimize the sum of drawdown in the region of interest. The constraint conditions include the water-supply capacity, the total draft of the pumping wells, the abstraction volume from Yellow River, the saving volume of water and the groundwater level. According to the forecasted resuits, if all measures are adopted, which include the save on water, the reduce of groundwater yield, the replenishment to groundwater ＇and the improvement on irrigation, the groundwater level would rise from - 20m to - 14m or - 12.66m in the region in 2010. By the end of 2013 there would be a negative pump- ing cone （a purdah of freshwater） in the east of Daozhuang which could prevent the aquifer from the inbreaking of the northern salty water and get the perfect environmental influence.