膳食结构调整对2型糖尿病患者短期血糖水平的影响

EFFECTS OF REGULATION OF DIETETIC FRAME ON SHORT-TERM BLOOD SUGAR OF TYPE 2 DIABETICS

[目的]通过健康教育的方式指导糖尿病患者改变不良饮食习惯并进行随访,观察膳食结构的调整对患者短期血糖水平的影响。[方法]采用随机抽样的方法选取营养咨询门诊的糖尿病患者150例,对其饮食结构进行合理调整,分别记录调整前、随访过程中的空腹血糖(FPG),餐后2h血糖(2HBG),3个月后糖化血红蛋白比例(HbA1c%),并对指标的变化进行统计分析。[结果]单纯饮食控制(未服降糖药)患者调整前3大营养素构成比例为碳水化合物占63.56%,蛋白质占15.21%,脂肪占23.52%,饮食调整1个月末FBG、2HBG基本可调整到正常,并能长期维持;服降糖药患者饮食调整前3大营养素构成比例分别为46.92%,20.05%和33.68%,进行饮食调整2个月末大部分患者FBG及2HBG才出现下降,3个月末基本可达到正常。3个月末两组的HbA1c%均有明显变化(P﹤0.05)。[结论]饮食结构的调整对2型糖尿病的防治意义重大,应对中老年及有糖尿病家族背景的人群开展早期检查及宣教,在血糖异常初期即进行膳食调整,以期获得更好的卫生收益。

[Objective] To observe the effects of the regulation of dietetic frame on short-tenn blood sugar of type 2 diabetes through the methods of health education and dietetic guidance. [Methods] Data of one hundred and fifty patients were collected randomly. FPG, 2HBG, HbA1e%, blood biochemical indexes and some other inten＇elated data registered in the state of visitation were analyzed statistically. [Results] Patients in both groups had illogical dietetic frames before consultation. Simply dietetic regulation reacted significantly on FPG and 2HBG one mouth later of non-dosed type 2 diabetes patients. But the patients were dosed with hypoglycemic, their FPG and 2HBG descended to the normal level two months later. HbA1c% descended to the normal level three months later in both groups （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Dietetic regulation and control play a significant role on prevention arid therapy of type 2 diabetes, espeeially in the initial stage, and would bring tremendous hygeian proceeds.