成都市工作场所工人吸烟相关潜行为的干预效果评价

EVALUATION ON EFFECTS OF THE INTERFERENCE IN CHANGING WORKERS' SMOKING-RELATED INTENTION IN WORKPLACES IN CHENGDU

[目的]评价工作场所烟草危害的干预培训对工人吸烟相关潜行为的影响效果。[方法]采用整群随机抽样,从成都市8个工厂随机抽取生产车间工作班作为干预单位。干预方式是采用集中式烟草知识培训。共收回包括干预前、后及随访问卷在内的有效问卷206套。[结果]比较3个时点的打算干预他人吸烟的率值,发现干预后高于干预前,随访低于干预后但高于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);分别分析吸烟与否、不同性别和年龄的各个亚组,得到类似结果。男性吸烟者打算改变自身吸烟状况的率值,干预后均高于干预前,随访低于干预后但仍接近或高于干预前(P﹥0.05)。[结论]在工作场所对工人进行烟草危害培训,能在短期内改善其干预他人吸烟或自身吸烟的潜行为,但培训的长期效果仍有待进一步研究。

[Objective] To evaluate the effects of the interference training in changing the workers＇ smoking-related intention. [Methods] We adopted the cluster random sampling, chose a working class in one workshop as a sampling unit from 8 factories and did a spot training for them with training materials that mainly talked about the harm of smoking. Finally we got 206 sets of valid questionnaires. [Results] When comparing the ratios of the 3 kinds of questionnaires, we could see that the 3 ratios of intention to interfere others＇ smoking in the post-training questionnaires were lower than those in the pre-training questionnaires while higher than those in the follow-up questionnaires and it was statistically significant in 3 questionnaires. We got the similar results after splitting the data according to smoking status, gender and age. The ratios of intention related to their own smoking behavior in the post-training were lower than those in the pre-training questionnaires while higher than those in the follow-up questionnaires. These ratios in the follow-up questionnaires were higher than or close to those in the pre-training questionnaires. [Conclusion] The interference training for the workers in workplaces can improve their smoking-related intention. But to find out the long-term effects and the impacts on their behaviors, it still needs more research work.