论后苏联文化及文学的话语转型

On Discourse Transformation of Post-Soviet Culture and Literature

文学中心时代的结束标志着俄罗斯文化和文学赖以支撑的苏维埃话语前提的消失,新的文化空间产生并培养着新的文化理念,为文化和文学的话语转型提供了条件。话语转型是后苏联文化和文学嬗变、演进的主导要素,它表现为政治思想上的自由主义、市场经济的消费主义、审美标准的泛俗化、文化与文学价值观的多元化。新根基主义、新启蒙主义、新虚无主义和"实用精神"成为后苏联作家4种不同的文化价值理念。

The end of the literature-centered era marked the breakdown of the Soviet discourse, which used to sustain the Russian culture and literature. New cultural notions have emerged and paved the way for discourse transformation. Leading the shift of the post- Soviet Russian culture and literature, discourse transformation takes the forms of ideological liberalism, consumerism, vulgarization of aesthetic norms, and pluralization in cultural and literary values. Neo-foundationalism, neo-enlightenment, neo-nihilism and pragmatism have become the four major doctrines of the post-Soviet writers.