绿色荧光蛋白研究进展

Advance in Green Fluorescent Protein

来源于海洋多管水母属的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因是目前惟一在细胞内稳定表达,在蓝光或长紫外光的激发下,不需要任何反应底物及其他辅助因子就能发出绿色荧光的新型报告基因,无种属、组织和位置特异性,且能监测基因表达、信号转导、共转染、蛋白运输与定位,以及细胞系谱分类等。GFP对细胞无毒性,且检测方法简单,结果真实可靠,目前在多种原核和真核生物研究中得到广泛的应用。文章就GFP的生化特性、GFP的改进及其在分子生物学研究中的应用潜力进行简要阐述。

The green-fluorescent protein（GFP） from jellyfish A equorea victoria is the only new reporter gene at present which can be expressed in living cells. Under excitation of long UV light or bluelight, green fluorescence can be emited without other external substrate,with no speciality in species, tissues or location. It can be used in monitoring gene expression, signal transduction, co-transfection, transformation, protein traffickingand localization, protein protein interaction, cell separation and purification, and cell lineage etc. No toxicity for cells released by GFP can be tested. A simple detection and a veritable result can be gained. So it was widely used in the research of prokaryotic expression and Eukaryotic expression. For its specific biochmistry properties, it has great potential application prospect in biology. The characteristics of GFP and its potential applicat.ion in molecular biology research were mainly reviewed in this paper.