基于污染指数法和GIS技术评价江西德兴矿区土壤重金属污染

Assessing Heavy Metals Contamination of Soils Based on the Pollution Index and GIS Methods in Dexing Mines,Jiangxi Province,China

以江西德兴大型矿区为例,进行大尺度的土壤环境调查和重金属污染评价。系统采集该区域919个土壤样品,在应用X荧光光谱仪和电感耦合等离子原子发射光谱仪为主体的分析配套方案分析土壤样品中重金属含量的基础上,采用单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法,分别从原始含量、污染指数以及基于GIS的污染空间分析3个方面进行该矿区的土壤重金属污染评价。结果表明,矿山开采对该区的土壤环境造成了不同程度的As、Cd、Zn、Cu重金属污染。污染区域主要分布在德兴铜钼和铅锌矿区、乐安河下游乐平附近的煤矿区以及南部电化学厂附近。

In order to assess the extent of heavy metals contamination resulting from past mining activity in Dexing region, nine hundred nineteen soil samples were collected and analyzed for the content of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu and Pb in 2004. Heavy metal levels were determined using inductively couple plasma- atomic emission spectrometry and X - ray fluorescence spectrometry procedures. The current assessment of heavy metals contamination in soils was performed from three aspects, original testing data, pollution index （single-factor pollution index and multiple pollution index ） and contamination spatial analysis by means of GIS methods , respectively. The results of assessment indicates consistently that there were different extents of contamination of As, Cd, Zn and Cu, especially in the areas of the Dexing mines, coal mines along the lower courses Le＇an River, coal mines in the northwest and the areas around battery factory.