城镇“空巢”家庭老年人社会支持状况调查分析

Analysis on the Social Support to the Elderly in Empty-nest Families in City

目的了解城镇空巢家庭老年人的社会支持状况。方法采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)及自编的一般情况调查问卷,对376位60岁以上的城镇老年人进行调查,数据用SPSS12.0分析处理。结果376位老年人中非空巢组和与配偶同住组在社会支持上无显著差异,但这两组明显高于独居组(p<0.01);空巢老年人社会支持在婚姻方面有显著差异(p<0.01);在年龄方面,空巢老年人主观支持随年龄增高而显著减少(p<0.05);在受教育程度方面,空巢老年人客观支持和对支持利用度随教育程度增高而显著增高(p<0.05)。结论全社会应积极关注空巢老年人,尤其应给独居、高龄、受教育程度低的空巢老年人提供更多的社会支持。

Objective To investigate the social support to the Elderly in Empty - nest families in City. Methods 376 old people in city were interviewed with the SSRS. Data was analyzed by using SPSS12.0 software. Results There is no significant difference between non empty -nest group and spouse -coinhabiting group, but both groups were higher than solitary group[ P 〈 0.01 ]. For the elderly in empty -nest family, the differences includes marriage, age and education [ P 〈 0.05 ]. Conclusions The whole society should pay more attention to the elderly in empty - nest families, and especially provide more social support to the solitary, elder and low - educated old people.