植物脂肪酸β-氧化的研究进展

Insights into Fatty Acids β-Oxidation in Plant

脂肪酸的分解代谢在多数有机体中主要通过β-氧化循环进行,在哺乳动物中β-氧化作用发生在线粒体和过氧化物酶体中,而植物和多数真菌类的β-氧化作用只发生在过氧化物酶体中。植物界的过氧化物酶体β-氧化作用不仅存在于脂肪酸的分解代谢和脂质代谢中,也存在于植物激素和氨基酸的代谢中。近来对模式生物的研究发现,过氧化物酶体β-氧化途径在植物信号系统和发育,尤其是茉莉酸的生物合成中起着重要作用。简要介绍了β-氧化途径在脂肪酸分解代谢、植物信号系统和发育中的作用的研究进展。

The catabolism of fatty acids mainly process via β-oxidation cycle in most organisms. In mammalian, β-oxidation occurs in the mitochondrion and peroxisome, while only within the peroxisome in plant and fungi. Peroxisomal β- oxidation is involved not only in fatty acid catabolism and lipid housekeeping but also in metabolism of hormones and amino acids in plants. Recent research in model species reveals that this pathway plays important roles in signaling and development, in particular regarding the involvement of β-oxidation in jasmonic acid biosynthesis. This review mainly concentrates on new insights into roles of β-oxidation in fatty acids catabolism, signaling and development in plant.