珠峰地区似大地水准面精化与珠峰顶正高的确定

Improvement of regional quasi-geoid in Qomolangma(Mt.Everest) and determination of orthometric elevation

本文使用珠峰及其周边地区的重力数据与SRTM3、1∶50000DEM、GTOPO30地形数据,以该地区的44个GPS水准点为控制,选择国内外的EGM96、WDM94、IGG05B、DQM2000D和CG03C作为参考重力场模型,采用移去-恢复技术,首次完成了珠峰地区分辨率为2.5′×2.5′高精度似大地水准面,其精度达到±9cm,并据此推算了珠峰顶高程异常值.再利用登山线路上的新测重力点与珠峰地形数据,依据严格的重力归算理论及移去-恢复技术,完成了珠峰顶似大地水准面与大地水准面差值计算,即珠峰正常高与正高的换算.

In the paper the Qomolangma local quasi-geoid with 2.5′× 2.5′ high resolution and ± 9 cm high precision is for the first time determined by using the gravity data and SRTM3、1 ： 50000 DEM, GTOPO30 topography data based on EGM96, WDM94, IGG05B, DQM2000D and CG03C of the reference gravity field models, as well as 44 GPS levelling control points in the Qomolangma mountain area. The remove-restore technology is used for the determination of the local quasi-geoid. According to the local quasi-geoid the height anomaly of the pike of Qomolangma mountain has been computed. In addition, the conversion of normal height into orthometric height of the pike of Qomolangma mountain is completed by using the new observed gravity data along the mountain-climbing way and topography data in the Qomolangma mountain area on the basis of the rigorous theory of the gravity reduction and the remove-restore technology.