产褥期抑郁状态测评及其影响因素分析

Evaluation of postpartum depression and its affecting factors

目的:测评产褥期妇女抑郁状态并探讨相关影响因素,为卫生服务部门和妇幼卫生人员对产褥期妇女实施针对性的健康干预措施和有效保障该群体的心理健康提供理论依据。方法:采用SDS抑郁自评量表测量产褥期妇女的抑郁状态;以面对面访谈形式调查社会学、医学、家庭与心理学等方面的影响因素,并应用χ2检验和多因素非条件Log istic回归进行分析。结果:产妇年龄每增加一个年龄组发生抑郁的概率要增大2.046倍;产妇各不同职业抑郁发生的概率均低于农民职业者;第一胎次的产妇发生抑郁的概率较大;夫妻感情较好或一般组产妇发生抑郁的概率比感情很好组产妇增加10.204倍;仅由丈夫及其家人照顾的产妇发抑郁生的概率是丈夫及双方家人照顾类型的2.166倍。家庭的年均收入越高且新生儿发育状况越好的产妇发生抑郁的概率越小。结论年龄、产妇职业、生产胎次、怀孕原因、夫妻感情和照顾类型6个变量对产妇抑郁的发生有影响作用;家庭年均收入与新生儿生长发育状况两个因素对产褥期抑郁的发生存在交互作用。

Objective To provide scientific evidence for medical and health department to make policy, and to present some suggestions on how to improve the puerperal women＇s psychological health and protect the maternal and children＇s health. Methods Self-rating depressive scale （SDS） was used to measure the depressive state of the puerperal women. A face-to-face interview was used to obtain information on the affecting factors of postpartum depression. Data were analyzed by using descriptive index,χ^2 test and the unconditional logistic regression. Results The puerperal women whose age are between 30 and 35 or who are farmers are more easily to catch depression than others. The occurrence of depression become less likely with enjoying better love, or having nursing type of participation of women＇s families. Meanwhile, annual income of family and baby＇s health condition can affect the occurrence of postpartum depression. The puerperal women who have better annual income in her family, or whose baby is in good health are less likely to catch depression than others. Conclusion6 variables could affect postpartum depression of puerperal women, including age, occupation, times of delivery, reason of gestation, love between the couple, and nursing type. and two factors interact with the occurrence of postpartum depression, which are annual income of family and baby＇s health condition.