我国农产品对外贸易政策变迁及成长环境研究

Research on the Policy Vicissitude and Growth Environment for China's Agricultural Foreign Trade

文章回溯了入世前后我国农产品对外贸易的政策变迁。从"中心-外围"视角阐释了我国农产品对外贸易的外部环境:发达国家沿用各种支持农业的高额补贴政策;发达国家采用各种保护农业的贸易壁垒措施。从"逆向选择"视角阐释了我国农产品对外贸易的内部条件:农产品低价恶性竞争现象日益凸显;农产品质量安全保障体系存在缺陷。解读了规避不公平贸易政府行为的国际组织及它们的作用,具体包括:世贸组织及其公平竞争原则;国际公平贸易标识组织及其主要任务、公平贸易标识及其对农产品的适用性、公平贸易标识的潜在收益及其获取条件。

The author traces the policy vicissitude of foreign trade of agricultural products in China before and after WTO entry. The exterior environment for foreign trade of agricultural products in China is interpreted in terms of Hub and Spoke： various high subsidy policies supporting agriculture continue to be used by developed countries; various trade barrier measures supporting agriculture are adopted by them. Interior conditions for foreign trade of agricultural products in China are interpreted in terms of adverse selection： the phenomenon that agricultural products are in vicious competition of low prices is increasingly obvious; there exist limitations of a safeguard system of quality and safety for agricultural products. The international organizations which unscramble and elude government behaviors of unfair trade, and their detailed functions include： WTO and its fair competition principles, WTO decision-making mechanism and its justice; Fairtrade Labeling Organizations International （FLO） and its major mission, fairtrade labeling and its applicability towards agricultural products, and potential benefit of fair trade labeling and its obtaining qualifications.