区域创新系统的评价与演进规律——以上海市创新系统为例

Research on Evaluation and Evolvement of RIS:the Case of Shanghai

以上海市创新系统为例，利用探索性因子分析探究了上海市创新系统的资源投入与产出的结构，利用数据包络分析方法对上海市创新系统1995～2004牟的资源配置效率进行了评价与分析。在实证研究的基础上，揭示了创新系统内资源配置效率演进的三务规律：①单纯的增加区域创新系统的资源投入，忽略资源投入的结构调整，不仅不能带来预期的产出，反而会降低创新系统整体的资源配置效率；②从投入角度来看，财力资源配置效率和人力资源配置效率交替成为资源配置效率改进的重点；③从产出的角度而言，科技成果产业化程度的提高、科技成果数量的增加、科技成果质量的提升，分别是区域创新系统发展三个阶段的配置效率改进的主要方向。

Taking Shanghai innovation system for instance, this paper analyzes the structure of the inputs and outputs by the method of Exploratory Factor Analysis（EFA）, evaluates the Resources Allocation Efficiency（RAE） of Shanghai innovation system from 1995 to 2004 by utilizing the Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） method. Based on the empirical results, the paper summarizes three disciplines of the evolution of the RAE, Firstly, the increase of resources inputs alone cannot get expected outputs, but decrease resources allocation efficiency of Regional Innovation System（RIS） if adjustment of the inputs＇ structure is ignored. Secondly, financial resources allocation efficiency and human resources allocation efficiency should, alternately, be regarded as the key point of the improvement of the RAE in RIS from the view of inputs. Thirdly, from the view of outputs, the enhancement of commercialization of S＆.T, the increase of S＆T outputs and the improvement of quality of the S＆T outputs should be, in order of importance, the main focus to improve the RAE, according to the stage of the development of the RIS.