合肥市流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行前期和中期健康人群带菌率及抗体水平调查

Investigation of the Infection Rate and Antibody Level on Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis in the Epidemic Prophase and Metaphase in Healthy People in Hefei

目的了解合肥市流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）流行前期和中期健康人群带菌率及抗体水平，为开展流脑疫情预测、预警建立相关依据。方法 在全市按分层整群抽样方法，抽取幼儿园、小学、初中、高中和服务业人群，于流脑流行前期和中期分别进行健康人群流脑带菌率和抗体水平监测。结果流行前期总带菌率为3．0％，B、C群带菌率均为1．0％；城乡人群带菌率分别为2．2％、4．2％；城市人群B、C群带菌率分别为1．0％、0．5％；农村人群B、C群带菌率分别为1．1％、1．8％；总带菌率有随年龄增长而上升趋势。流行中期总带菌率为6．0％，是流行前期的2倍，B、C群带菌率分别为2．2％、3．2％，分别是流行前期的2．2倍、3．2倍；城市人群B、C群带菌率均为3．3％，分别是流行前期的3．3倍、6．6倍；农村人群B、C群带菌率人别为0．3％、3．0％，分别是流行前期的27％、1．7倍。总带菌率以16～18岁的高中学生最高（11．4％）。流行前期和中期A群抗体阳性率分别为82．5％、87．4％，C群抗体阳性率分别为67．0％、84．6％，差异均有显著或非常显著的统计学意义（χ^2=6．43，P〈0．05；χ^2=51．3，P〈0．01）。流行前期A群和C群抗体阳性率均为农村高于城市人群，差异有显著或非常显著的统计学意义（χ^2=6．05，P〈0．05；χ^2=51．38，P〈0．01）。与流行前期相比，农村人群流行中期A群和C群抗体阳性率未上升或未明显上升，城市人群A群和C群抗体阳性率分别上升了10．8个和29．8个百分点，差异均有非常显著的统计学意义（χ^2=16．93，53．1；P均〈0．01）。结论 开展流脑流行前期和中期带菌率及抗体水平检测，可以初步掌握流脑防治的重点人群。

Objective The infection rate and the antibody level of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis （ECM） of healthy people in the epidemic prophase and metaphase involved in the study,and they have provided the correlative gist to forecast epidemic situation and to build early warning. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was adopted in the whole City to examine the different crowd in the kindergarten, primary school, junior high school, senior high school and service place,and the infection rate and antibody level of ECM in healthy people is monitored in the epidemic propbase and metapbase. Results The total infection rate in the epidemic prophase is 3.0%,and the infection rates of the group B and the infection rate of the group C are 1.0%. In the propbase,tbe infection rate of the City people is 2.2%,and the infection rate of the country people is 4.2%,and the infection rate of the group B and the infection rate of the group C is 1.0% and 0.5% respectively in the City,and the infection rate of the B group and the infection rate of the group C is 1.1% and 1.8% respectively in the country. The total infection rate is the ascending trend with the age. In the metapbase,tbe infection rate is 6.0% and it is twice as large as the infection rate in the prophase, and the infection rate of the group B is 2.2% and it is 2.2 times of the which in the prophase, and the infection rate of the group C is 3.2% and it is 3.2 times of which in the prophase. Furthermore,the infection rate of group B and the infection rate of group C are both 3.3% in the City,and the infection rate of group B is 3.3 times of which in the prophase and the infection rate of group C is the 6.6 times. In the metaphase,the infection rate of group B is 0. 3% and the infection rate of group C is 3.0% in the country crowd, and the infection rate of group B is 0.27 times of which in the prophase and the infection rate of group C is 1.7 times. The total rate between 16 and 18 age in the senior high school is the highest （11.4%）. The positive rate of the antibody group A in the prophase and which in the metaphase is 82.5% and 87.4% respectively, and the positive rate of C antibody group in the prophase, which in the metaphase is 67.0% and 84. 6 respectively. It has significant statistics （χ^2 = 6.43,P 〈 0.05 and χ^2= 51.3,P 〈0. 01）. In the epidemic prophase,the positive rate of the antibody group A and C of the city are both higher than that of country crowd, and difference is the remarkable or very remarkable statistical meaning （χ^2 = 6.05,P 〈 0.05;χ^2 = 51.38,P 〈 0.01）. Compared with the prophase,the positive rate of the antibody group A and C is not ascending or remarkable ascending in the country in the metaphase,but it rises 10.8% and 29.8 respectively in the City,it has significant difference and statisteis （χ^2 = 16.93 and 53.1 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion By the infection rate and antibody level of ECM is tested in the both prophase and metaphase, the critical crowd who can be infected by ECM can be gripped primarily.