北京市2007年<7岁流动儿童强化查漏补种策略实施及效果评价

Implementing and Effect Evaluation of Supplementary Immunization Activities Among Migrant Children Under 7 Years Old in Beijing in 2007

目的 评价北京市2007年〈7岁流动儿童强化查漏补种策略实施效果，探索流动儿童常规预防接种管理策略。方法 采用描述流行病学方法，对北京市2007年强化查漏补种的区（县）上报数据和现场质量评估数据进行分析。结果 共调查〈7岁流动儿童233888人，强化查漏补种前流动儿童建卡率为88．6％，建证率为95．6％，口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（OPV）零剂次免疫率为1．8％，漏种率为5．5％，麻疹减毒活疫苗（MV）、风疹减毒活疫苗、流行性腮腺炎减毒活疫苗、脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗（MPV）、百白破联合疫苗（DPT）、流行性乙型脑炎疫苗（JEV）和乙型肝炎疫苗（HepB）零剂次免疫率为2．1％～8．2％。强化查漏补种后的接种率评价显示，1～2岁流动儿童建证率、建卡率均〉99．0％，OPV、DPT、MV、HepB基础免疫（初种）率均〉97．6％，MPV初种率为99．2％。结论 全市〈7岁流动儿童总数继续增长。强化查漏补种后的流动儿童预防接种管理水平明显提高，聚集地区、年龄较大、在当地居住时间较短的流动儿童仍为重点人群。强化查漏补种新模式的成功运行，为探索流动儿童常规预防接种管理奠定了基础。

Objective To evaluate the effect Supplementary Immunization Activities （SIAs） Strategy among migrant children under 7 years in Beijing in 2007 and to explore the routine immunization management strategy on migrant children. Method Descriptive analysis of report data of SIAs and its quality estimation in Beijing in 2007. Results 233 888 migrant children under 7 years were reported during SIAs. Before SIAs, the coverage of immunization card and certificate among migrant children was 88.6% and 95.6%, respectively. 1.8% migrant children have never received OPV and 5.5% were under-vaccinated. Zero-dose rates of measles,rubella,mumps,meningitis,DPT,encephalitis type B and hepatitis B vaccines were between 2. 1%-8. 2%. Quality estimation after SIAs showed that among 1- and 2-year migrant children, the immunization certificate rate and immunization card rate were both above 99.0%. The coverage of primary dose of OPV,DPT,MV and hepatitis B vaccine were all above 97.6% and 99.2% migrant children had received 1 dose of meningitis vaccine. Conclusions The number of migrant children under 7 years was increasing. The immunization management for migrant children after SIAs has been improved. The migrant children who were older, lived in populous townships or had shorter residence time in local areas were still the emphasis. The implementing of SIAs strategy formed strong basis for exploring routine immunization management for migrant children.