珠江三角洲地区流动儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率及其影响因素调查

Analysis of Immunization Coverage Rate and Its Affecting Factor of Floating Children in Zhujiang Delta River Area of Guangdong Province

目的 了解珠江三角洲地区流动儿童免疫规划疫苗预防接种现状及影响因素。方法 2004年7月采用整群随机抽样法开展免疫接种率及其影响因素的调查，共调查1～6岁本地儿童602名、流动儿童598名，接种记录按卫生部标准进行统计。结果 流动儿童建证率88．7％；卡介苗、口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗、百白破联合疫苗、麻疹减毒活疫苗接种率分别为59．4％、53．2％、52．6％、57．4％，四苗全程免疫覆盖率为41．8％；乙型肝炎疫苗全程接种率为42．6％。结论 流动儿童各种疫苗的接种率较低，家长文化水平较低，缺乏免疫预防相关知识，预防接种意识薄弱；接种点能为流动儿童提供预防接种服务。

Objective To know the vaccination status of floating children in Guangdong Province. Methods 602 local children and 598 floating children aged 1-6 years old were investigated for immunization coverage rates and its affecting factors by cluster sampling. The vaccination records were judged by the standard of Ministry of Health. Results The rates of establishing vaccination certificates of floating children was 88.7%;The qualified coverage rates of BCG, OPV,DPT, and MV were 59.4% ,53.2% ,52.6% and 57.4% respectively,the qualified coverage rate of the 4 vaccines was 41.8%. The coverage rate of Hepatitis B vaccine was 42.6%. Conclusion The coverage rates of various kinds of vaccines of floating children were low, the short of vaccination knowledge for the parents of the floating children led to heglet receiving vaccination ; The vaccination agencies can provide vaccination service for floating children.