基于线粒体COⅠ和Cytb基因序列的锯眼蝶亚科和眼蝶亚科的系统发育分析(鳞翅目:眼蝶科)

Phylogeny of butterflies of the subfamily Elymninae and Satyrinae (Lepidoptera:Satyridae) based on mitochondrial COⅠ and Cytb gene sequences

为了阐明眼蝶科内一些存疑类群间的系统发生关系,本研究测定了其中最大的2个亚科锯眼蝶亚科和眼蝶亚科中分布于中国的9族17属21个种的COⅠ和Cytb基因的部分序列,并结合从GenBank中下载的2个国外种类的同源序列,进行了序列变异和系统发生分析。序列分析结果显示:处理后的2基因总长度为1056bp,其中保守位点648个,可变位点408个,简约信息位点316个;A+T的平均含量为70.8%,明显高于C+G的平均含量29.2%。以蛱蝶科的2个物种为外群,通过邻接法、最大简约法和贝叶斯法重建了分子系统树,探讨了这两个亚科及其主要类群的系统发生关系,结果表明:眼蝶亚科、锯眼蝶亚科以及黛眼蝶族均为多系类群;眉眼蝶族和黛眼蝶族应从锯眼蝶亚科分离出来,归入眼蝶亚科;眼蝶族、白眼蝶族和莽眼蝶族可能具有较近的共同祖先;古眼蝶族、眉眼蝶族和矍眼蝶族三者之间具有较近的亲缘关系。

In order to clarify the unresolved phylogentic relationships of some lineages of the family Satyridae, the fragments of the mitochondrial CO I and Cyth genes of 21 Chinese species of the subfamily Elymninae and Satyrinae （Satyridae） were newly amplified and sequenced; meanwhile, the homologous sequences of two foreign species were obtained from the GenBank. Based on these data, the sequence variation and the phylogenetic relationship of these groups were analyzed. The results of the sequence analysis showed that the two combined genes is 1 056 bp in length by alignment, including 648 conserved, 408 variable and 316 parsimonious-informative sites; the average percentage of A ＋ T is 70.8 %, which is much higher than that of C ＋ G （29.2 % ）. Using two nymphalid species as the outgroups, their phylogenetic trees were reconstructed with neighbor-joining （NJ）, maximum-parsimony （MP） and bayesian inference （BI） methods. The results indicated that the subfamilies Satyrinae, Elymninae and the tribe Lethini all are not monophyletic; the tribes Mycalesini and Lethini should be moved from the subfamily Elymninae to the subfamily Satyrinae; the tribes Satyrini, Melanargiini and Maniolini might have a closest common ancestor; and additionally, the tribes Palaeonymphini, Mycalesini and Ypthimini are also closely related to one another.