艾滋病疫情报告数据中感染途径不详的感染者特征的分析

Characteristics of HIV positive cases with unknown infection route:correspondence analysis of data from the HIV/AIDS reporting system

目的了解感染途径不详的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者可能的感染途径,为提高报告质量和准确评估疫情提供依据。方法采用描述性和对应分析,探讨感染途径不详者的年龄、性别、职业、婚姻和受教育水平的分布特征,以及与暴露史和样本来源的联系。结果2006年报告的5 270例HIV感染者中,感染途径不详的2 744例,占52.1%。感染途径不详的和清楚的感染者在年龄、职业、婚姻、教育水平上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对应分析提示,感染途径和接触史的各类别较为一致,且感染途径不详与吸毒史有较强的联系;感染途径不详的样本主要来自VCT(自愿咨询检测)和哨点监测。结论感染途径不详和清楚的病例在人口学特征上有显著差异,且主要来自吸毒人群。

Objective To explore characteristics of HIV positive cases with unknown infection route and their patterns of transmission and to provide evidence for improving quality of reports and accurate evaluation of HIV prevalence. Methods A total of 5 270 HIV positive cases were analyzed from HIV/AIDS mandatory reporting system in Guangdong province in 2006. Descriptive and correspondence analyses were carried out to identify characteristics of infection routes and demographic background including age, gender, occupations, marriage status and education, and relationship with exposure history and sources of specimens. Graphs of correspondence analysis were drawn to provide clues of patterns of transmission of unknown infection route. Results Of these 5 270 HIV cases 2 744 were of unknown infection route ac- counting for 52.1% . The cases of known and unknown infection route had significant differences in demographic characteristics of age, occupation, marriage and education （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Correspondence analysis showed great concordance between infection route and exposure history. Unknown infection route was strongly associated with history of drug use. Furthermore, tested samples of unknown infection route were identified mainly via sentinel surveillance and VCT.Conclasion HIV positive cases of unknown infection route are found significantly different from cases of known infection route and are mostly drug users.