预防艾滋病母婴传播健康教育对孕妇艾滋病知识的干预效果评价

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a health education program to prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission in pregnant women

目的评价预防艾滋病母婴传播健康教育对孕妇艾滋病知识知晓率的干预效果,为开展预防艾滋病母婴传播的健康教育提供科学依据。方法选择条件接近的两个地区作为干预地区和对照地区,开展预防艾滋病母婴传播健康教育干预研究。干预措施包括举办讲座和发放预防艾滋病母婴传播宣传资料等。通过干预前及干预后的两次问卷调查,了解孕妇预防艾滋病母婴传播知识及艾滋病一般防治知识知晓率的变化,评价干预效果。结果共完成1 541名孕妇的调查,其中干预组933人,对照组608人。干预前两组对象预防艾滋病母婴传播知识知晓率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对照组对艾滋病一般防治知识的知晓率高于干预组。实施干预后,干预组孕妇的预防艾滋病母婴传播知识及艾滋病一般防治的知识知晓率均高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论预防艾滋病母婴传播健康教育干预措施提高了孕妇艾滋病相关知识知晓率,以预防艾滋病母婴传播知识知晓率的提高较为明显,因此,应继续开展综合的预防艾滋病母婴传播健康教育干预活动。

Objective To develop intervention strategies for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission（PMTCT） of HIV in pregnant women, and to evaluate the effectiveness of a health education program to improve PMTCT knowledge among them. Methods Pregnant women in two cities were selected as intervention group and control group, respectively. In the intervention group interventions including public health lectures and published educational materials on PMTCT, etc were provided. The effectiveness of the interventions was evaluated by comparing the results of preand post-interven- tion assessment with indicators of awareness rate of PMTCT knowledge and general HIV related knwledge. Results No significant difference in awareness rate of PMTCT knowledge was found between the intervention group and the control group before the intervention. Before the intervention, general HIV related knowledge in the control group was higher than that in the intervention group, whereas after the intervention, awareness rates of knowledge were higher in the intervention group than in the control group.Conclusions Health education for pregnant women＇s PMTCT knowledge effectively increased their awareness rate of HIV related knowledge, especially PMTCT knowledge. Therefore, we suggested carrying out an integrated health education on PMTCT among pregnant women.