中国油菜生产及遗传改良潜力与油菜生物柴油发展前景

Potential in Production and Genetic Improvement of Rapeseed and Prospect for Rape Oil-based Biodiesel in China

在全球面临石油资源贫乏而能源需求量日益增加的状况下,世界主要国家已确立并开发出新的替代型能源。我国石油储备与供应矛盾更加恶化,寻找有效的替代型能源更在眉睫。本文从建国以来我国油菜遗传改良与生产历史及现状出发,分析我国发展能源油菜的可行性及必要性,由此提出作为食能兼用型油菜的遗传改良及生产措施,并提出了国家发展能源作物及生物柴油策略。

Energy security is closely related to the state safety. At present, the whole world is facing enormous challenge of lacking petroleum sources and increasing energy demand, therefore many countries have been actively looking for effective substitutes for the petrochemical energy. In China, the contradiction between the petroleum reserves and energy requirement is more serious, it is urgent to find out effective and regenerative energy sources. This paper briefly summarized and analyzed the progress on production and genetic improvement of rapeseed in China since the foundation of new China. This paper also discussed the possibility and necessity of bioenergy rapeseed, and further proposed measures for genetic improvement and production of rapeseed both for edible and energy uses. Finally, some strategies were put forward for the development of energy crops/plants and biodiesel in China.