黑色的眼睛寻找光明——从田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧创作看其人道主义价值观

Tennessee Williams' Humanism as Is Witnessed in his Dramatic Works

田纳西.威廉斯是美国戏剧史上一位颇有争议的作家。长期以来,在美国国内,他的批评者们指责他缺乏道德感,喜欢塑造古怪、反常、扭曲的人物而不加贬抑;他的支持者中又有人为他冠以道德家的美名。而在我国学界,对威廉斯总体创作折射出的价值观则尚未展开深入讨论。通过对其创作背景、创作主题的综合探讨可以看出,以上两种看法都对威廉斯存在误解,他实际上是一位人道主义者。由于威廉斯所处的时代、地域、家庭背景和其同性恋的性取向,他的创作中所展示的人道主义价值观以加缪式的存在主义为基础,并有着与众不同的内涵和意义。

As a controversial figure in the history of American theatre, Tennessee Williams has long been denounced by his detractors for lack of moral sense as shown by his preferences for perverse, abnormal and twisted characters. Meanwhile, he has been applauded by his supporters as a moralist. This paper seeks to show the dramatist as a humanist with an outlook rooted in existentialism.