社会普遍服务的建立——来自中国的经验分析

Social Universal Service:An Empirical Research on China

通过突破传统意义上"普遍服务"的概念,本文创新性地提出了构建中国社会普遍服务体系的两个发展层次:人文普遍服务和产业普遍服务。实证分析表明,改革开放以来,中国地区经济发展差距不断扩大,而从1990年到2003年,各省市的人类发展水平差距正在逐渐缩小,表明中国的人文普遍服务在缩小地区发展差距方面发挥了积极的作用;教育对人类发展水平的贡献度增大;相对于教育而言,公共卫生及与此相关的社会保障是社会普遍服务的薄弱环节。为此,政府应在提供教育、公共卫生和社会保障等人文普遍服务方面承担起基本的责任,以加快普遍服务基金的建设,完善普遍服务基金的使用和管理。

China＇s Social Universal Service System should include Cultural Universal Service and Industrial Universal Service. Our analysis indicates that GDP gap of different areas has shown expanding trend since Open - up and Reform Policy put in practice, Human development gaps are narrowed gradually during 1990 to 2003. This indicates Cultural Universal Service of China play an important function on the reduction of regional development gap. Education has large contribution to human development, Compared with education, public sanitation and social security are weak parts of Social Universal Service. The government should shoulder the basic responsibility for the provision of Cultural Universal Service in China