犯罪构成及其客体要件分析

An Analysis of the Construction and Objective Elements of Crime

犯罪构成作为刑法理论的一个核心概念,是罪刑法定原则发展的必然要求。我国犯罪构成理论采用了与德、日及英美不同的综合式的模式,将犯罪构成作为评判行为是否构成犯罪的唯一标准。但在实践中这一标准因为《刑法》第13条的但书及排除违法性事由出现了例外,究其原因主要是因为犯罪客体要件存在漏洞,将刑法所要保护的社会关系作为了客体要件。为了将这些例外情形纳入到犯罪构成中,应该对我国犯罪构成的客体要件进行修正。

As a core concept of criminal law theories, the construction of crime is the necessary demand of the development of the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime. Our theories of the construction of crime adopt a synthetic mode which is different from that in Germany, Japan, or Britain and America. It takes the construction of crime as the only standard for judging that if an act makes a crime. But in practice this standard comes out exceptions due to the causes of removing irregularities and the proviso of Item 13 in Criminal Law. It is mainly because there are flaws in the objective elements, which takes the social relations protected by criminal law as the objective elements. Our objective elements have to be revised in order to involve these exceptions into the construction of crime.