植物miRNA的功能及器官发生

The function and organogenesis of plant miRNA

植物miRNA是广泛分布于植物基因组的长度在22个核苷酸左右的内源性非编码调控RNA,是真核生物基因表达的一类负调控因子,主要通过指导靶基因的切割或降低靶基因的翻译从转录后水平上抑制植物基因表达,在控制植物的发育、开花时序、新陈代谢、应激反应等方面起着重要的作用.已知植物miRNA在转录后水平上抑制基因表达,主要是通过导致mRNA的裂解,对抑制目标转录物的翻译起作用.综述了植物miRNA形成、作用机理、功能和研究方法等方面的研究进展.

MiRNAs are approximately 22-nucleotide endogenesis noncoding regulated RNAs which widely exist in plant genomes and they functed as a group of negative regulators. Inhibiting gene expressions on post transcriptional level mainly by guiding the cleavages of target genes or at tenuating the translations of target genes and plays an important role in controlling plant development, florescence time, miRNA metabolism, miRNA response, etc. Plant miRNAs are known to repress gene expression post-transcriptionally, mainly by guiding mRNA cleavage and by attenuating the translation of target transcripts. This paper summarizes the latest advances in the formations, action mechanisms, functions and research methods of plant miRNAs.