牛膝多糖对仔猪肠道微生物及小肠黏膜形态的影响

The effect of achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides on intestinal microflora and mucous membrane of weaning piglets

选用28日龄、体重相近(8.898±0.742)kg,健康的DLY(杜洛克×长白×大白)断奶仔猪160头,随机分为5个组,采取单因子试验设计,对照组、试验Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ组分别饲喂添加0,0.01%抗生素,0.05%牛膝多糖、0.1%牛膝多糖、0.15%牛膝多糖的试验日粮,试验期28 d.每个处理4个重复,每个重复8头猪.结果表明:试验组在抑制肠道大肠杆菌和促进肠道双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌的增殖效果明显好于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);牛膝多糖试验组在抑制肠道大肠杆菌和促进肠道有益菌方面达到或显著好于添加抗生素试验组;随着牛膝多糖添加量的增加,其抑制肠道大肠杆菌和促进肠道有益菌的效果逐渐提高,Ⅱ和Ⅳ组之间差异显著或极显著(P>0.05,P<0.05或P<0.01).各试验组之间的十二指肠段上皮细胞层厚度无显著性差异;试验Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ组随着牛膝多糖添加量的增加,回肠段和空肠段的上皮细胞层厚度增加,显著或极显著大于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01);与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ组显著增加肠绒毛高度和降低隐窝深度(P<0.05或P<0.01);试验Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ组在增加十二指肠段肠绒毛高度和降低隐窝深度方面明显好于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05或P<0.01);各试验组回肠和空肠的隐窝深度之间没有显著性差异;试验Ⅲ和Ⅳ组间小肠黏膜形态没有显著性差异.

A single factorial trial was conducted to investigate the effects of achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides （ ABPS ） on growth performance, intestinal microflora and mucous membrane of weaning piglets. One hundred and sixty （8.898±0.742） kg, 28 d, three-line crossbred （Durocx Landracex Yorkshire） weaning piglets were randomly assigned to 5 treatments and each treatment had 4 replicates with 8 piglet per replicate： control group： basal diet, group Ⅰ ： basal diet＋antibiotic 100 mg/kg, group Ⅱ： basal diet＋500 mg/kg ABPS added, group Ⅲ： basal diet＋1000 mg/kg ABPS added, group Ⅳ： basal diet＋1500 mg/kg ABPS added. The experiment was conducted for 28 days. The results showed that, in contrast to control group, intestinal E. coli were inhibited and intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacillus were proliferated significantly in group Ⅰ , Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）; Groups with ABPS had the same effect or had better effect on inhibition of intestinal E. coli and promotion of intestinal salutary bacteria in contrast with antibiotics group （P〉 0.05, P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）;With the increasing of the addition of ABPS in Groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, there were more inhibition of intestinal E. coli and promotion of intestinal salutary bacteria, and there were significant difference between group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ （ P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ） ; The duodenal epithelial cell thickness in all experimental groups had no significant difference; With the increasing of the addition of ABPS in groups, the epithelial cell thickness of jejunum and ileum increased significantly than the control group and experimental group Ⅰ （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）; Compared with the control group, group Ⅱ, lit and Ⅳ improved intestinal villi height and reduced recess depth significantly （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）;In the duodenum, group Ⅱ, Ⅲ Ⅳ improved intestinal villi height and reduced recess depth significantly than group Ⅰ （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）; There were no significant difference for the depths of recess of jejunum and ileum in all experimental groups, and the intestinal mucous membrane had no significant difference between group Ⅲ and Ⅳ.