枇杷疏花疏果技术及对产量品质影响研究

Effects on the production and quality of Eriobotrya japonica L. by thinning flower and fruit technology

通过对各参试品种在湘南低山丘陵区红壤土、石灰土、钙质土立地条件下枇杷优质丰产高效栽培技术研究及相关资料的系统分析，提出了枇杷疏花疏果技术要点。并以红壤土上10～14年生太城四号枇杷为材料，系统研究了疏花疏果对枇杷果实产量及品质的影响。结果表明：太城四号枇杷疏花疏果后以每穗留果3～5个为最佳，疏果后平均单果重、单株产量及收益分别比对照提高117％、32％、163％。同时可提高果实的可食率、可溶性固形物含量、含糖量，降低含酸量，有效改善果实品质、口感风味、色泽，大大缩短果实采摘期。

Based on the research on high quality high-yield culture technology and the systemic analysis on correlated data of Eriobotrya japonica L. , which examination species in the site conditions such as red soil, limestone soil and calcareous soil in hill area of South Hunan Province, the thinning flower and fruit technology were pointed out. Using the 10 to 14 year-old Taicheng-IV E. japonica L. as examination material in red soil, the effects on the production and quality of E. japonica L. by thinning flower and fruit technology were system analyzed. The results showed that： The best thinning flower and fruit effect of Taicheng-IV E.japonica L. was keeping three to five fruits in every spike, and after the thinning fruit the average single fruit weight, single tree production and benefit were separately increase 117%, 32% and 163% to control trees. And the thinning fruit and flower would increase the edible rate, soluble solid content and sugar content, and decrease the acid content. It would improve the quality, taste and color of fruit, and decrease the picking time.