影响农杆菌介导遗传转化的植物因子研究进展

An Overview of Plant Factors Influencing Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation

农杆菌介导法是植物遗传转化中最常用的一种方法。越来越多的研究表明,植物遗传因子是决定农杆菌遗传转化效率的重要因素,它们至少影响了转化过程的如下5个方面:1)受伤植物释放的酚类物质和糖分子等介导农杆菌的趋化运动和毒性基因vir的诱导表达;2)农杆菌吸附到植物表面;3)T-DNA和毒性蛋白通过由VirB和VirD4蛋白组成的IV型分泌系统从细菌转移到植物细胞质;4)T-复合体利用细胞质ACTIN骨架和输入蛋白进行核定位和核输入;5)T-DNA利用植物的修复装置整合进宿主基因组。就以上5个方面涉及的植物因子研究进展予以综述。

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the methed most commonly used for genetic modification of plants,which involves a complex interaction between the bacterium and the host plant. This complex process can be separated into five steps： （a）chemotaxis and induction of bacterial vir （vintlence）genes by phenolic and sugar molecules released fi：om wounded plants, （b）attachment of the bacteria to the plant surface, （c）transfer of T-DNA and virulence proteins fi：om the bacterium to the plant cell via a Type IV secretion system composed of VirB and VirD4 proteins,（d） cytoplasmic trafficking and nuclear targeting of T-DNA and virulence proteins,most likely involving the plant actin cytoskeleton and importins,and（e）integration of T-DNA into the plant genome by the host repair mechanism. This paper gives an overview on the effect of plant factors on transformation efficiency via Agrobacterium.