金鱼藻中抑藻化感物质的研究

Study on allelochemicals in Ceratophyllum demersum

通过静态模拟实验,比较了单独培养和共生培养下,不同初始藻密度时金鱼藻生物量和铜绿微囊藻密度的变化。采用固相萃取的方法对金鱼藻种植水中的化感物质进行富集,经甲醇洗脱、高效液相色谱分析,发现在铜绿微囊藻生长的胁迫下,金鱼藻释放的化学物质组成和含量发生变化,强极性物质含量下降,弱极性物质含量增加。二氯甲烷洗脱物经色谱质谱分析后,检测出15种不同于铜绿微囊藻释放的化合物,其中N-苯基-2-萘胺、脱氢枞酸甲酯和脱氢枞酸乙酯已有文献报道对藻类具有化感作用。

In natural environment, submergsed macrophytes have allelopathic effects on algaes, while algaes also have antagonistic allelopathic effects on submersed macrophytes. With static experiments, the authors investigated the biomass change of Ceratophyllum dernersum and Microcystis aeruginosa cultured in Hoagland＇s solution with different concentration levels of Microcystis aeruginosa. The results showed that the culture solution with higher concentration of Microcystis aeruginosa （6.26 × 10^6 cells/mL） distinctly inhibited the growth of Ceratophyllurn dernersum, while the culture solution with lower concentration of Microcystis aeruginosa （0.63 × 10^6-3. 13 × 10^6 cells/mL） was a stress to Ceratophyllurn dernersurn, which stimulated Ceratophyllurn dernersurn to inhibit algal growth. Allelochemicals in the culture solution were determined with SPE-HPLC. In the coexistence experiment the presence of algae might preferably stimulate the release of some potential allelochemicals of less polarity from macrophytes to inhibit the algal growth. Fifteen compounds detected from Ceratophyllum demersum were detected and identified by GC/MS. They were different from those extracted from Microcystis aeruginosa, and includeing N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, methyl-dehydroabietate and ethyl-dehydroabietate with which have shown allelopathic activities confirmed in previous researches.