黄季刚“变易”观念辨析

Analysis of Huang Jigang's Bianyi

黄季刚"变易"观念主要指造字领域同词异字现象。它造成了字和词的重复,是字书字数越收越多的原因之一。根据各个字之间的形、音、义联系,黄季刚先生将其划分为四种。"变易"的实质是"广异体",即从训诂学角度提出的异体字概念,指意义相同、语音不尽相同的记录同词的不同的字,这个概念反映出黄季刚先生对词的两个要素——音和义之间不平衡关系的认识。它打破了传统同词异字必须同音同义仅有形体不同的局限,为字词关系研究的进一步深入开阔了思路,也为当今古籍整理、各层次汉字汉语教学以及计算机文字处理提供了有益的借鉴。

The notion Bianyi by Huang Jigang means the different forms of the same character. It repeats the characters and words and brings about more and more written forms of characters in dictionary. Huang Jigang divides it into four classes according to the form, sound and meaning of a character. The essence of Bianyi is the general different, denoting the same meaning but different sounds of the same words in different characters. It reflects the Hang Jigang＇s two factors of words——the recognition of the unbalanced relation between the sound and the meaning. It breaks the limitation of traditional same words of different characters, broadens the thinking of studying the relation between character and word.