森林火灾的CINRAD／SA雷达监测

FOREST FIRES DETECTED BY USING CINRAD/SA RADAR

对2007年浙江省南部地区10次距离雷达站5～100 km、不同规模的森林火灾进行分析,发现温州新一代多普勒天气雷达CINRAD/SA能对森林火灾进行监测。雷达分析发现,火灾引起的回波具有水平尺度小、回波顶高度低、回波强度强等和地物回波相类似的特征,径向速度图上一般有辐散速度对的出现,并具有不同于气象回波的特征。受地理位置和天气系统等影响,发生在大陆山区的森林火灾其回波特征较海岛和沿海山区的森林火灾更为显著。本文还对应用雷达监测森林火灾的前景和局限性进行了分析。雷达回波可以识别、监测不同规模森林火灾的发生和演变,为森林火灾的监测提供了崭新的手段,也为多普勒天气雷达的应用拓展新的领域。

By using CINRAD/SA Doppler radar,ten cases of forest fires were observed in the south of Zhejiang province in 2007. The result revealed that the radar performs well tracking the smoke plume produced by forest fires with the radar products of base reflectivity and radial velocity. The Doppler radar echoes of forest fires nearly share the same characteristics with clutter echoes, but with smaller horizontal scale,lower echo height and stronger echo intensity. Velocity couple is almost always present in the radial velocity charts,which indicates the divergence appearance over the fire spots. The radar can observe the forest fires efficiently, real-time and continuously, with different echo characteristics from rain. Thanks to the effect of low wind speed and terrain, the echo characteristics of forest fires occurred in the mainland have stronger radar signals than the ones occurred in the islands. This paper also analyzed the possible applications and disadvantages in fire detection by radar. It will provide a new approach in forest fires detection,at the same time,will broaden the application fields of the Doppler weather radar.