水闸下游渠道中水深变化规律的试验研究

Experimental Research on Variation Characteristics of Water Depth in Channel of Downstream of Sluice

运用全组合试验设计法的思想对水闸下游渠道中流态转变时水流特性进行试验研究。通过放水试验,研究矩形水槽内闸后水深h与流量Q、渠道纵坡i、闸前水头H、闸门开度e等物理量之间的关系。试验得出水闸下游渠道中的最大水深并非对应于渠中的最大流量,它与闸门开度、闸前水头有关。根据试验结果得出了跃前水深h1、跃后水深h2的经验公式。

The entire combination experiment design procedure is utilized to research the flow characteristics when the flow pattern transforms in a channel of the downstream of sluice. Through experiments, the relations among the water depth（ h）, discharge（Q）, canal grade（i）, hydraulic head（H） in front of the sluice and the gate opening（e） in the rectangular channel are researched. The experiment results show that the maximum value of water depth in the channel does not correspond to the maximum discharge, it is related with the gate opening and hydraulic head in front of the sluice, and it can be caculated with the empirical formula.