中古诗歌中的山水幻境与游仙踪影

Mystical Landscape and Fairy Poems in the Middle Ancient Times

在中古游仙诗中,游仙所经历的山水主要有山岳与海岛两大体系。山岳体系中较显赫的有昆仑、五岳,海岛体系中最著名的是三岛、十洲。仙化的山水在游仙诗中既是引发仙意的符号,也是承载仙踪的灵地。游仙中的幻境,其实是人间山水的投影;人们日常对山水的热爱,蕴含着寻仙的动机;而入深山寻仙,同样会激发登山临水的热忱。这使这一时期游仙与山水两种母题诗型各自找到了自己发展的方向。揭示山水与游仙的关系有助于更深地理解游仙诗的文化内涵。

In the middle ancient times, the mystical landscape in fairy poems mainly consists of two systems ： mountains and islands. The group of mountains mainly includes such most famous ones as Kunlun and Five Saint Mountains. The group of islands mainly comprises the Three Islands and Ten Islets. The immortalized landscape in fairy poetry is not only the symbol of meaning, but also the glorious living place for immortals. The mystical landscape in fairy poems is actually projected by mountains and lakes or rivers on earth. People tend to love scenes with hills, mountains, and waters, which contains the motive of seeking immortals. And going deep into mountains in quest of immortals arouses one＇ s great zeal for climbing mountains and looking out on waters. Thus, the two types of poems of that period with the parent themes of wandering immortals and mountain - and -water scenery found their respective development orientation. To reveal the relationship between landscape and wandering immortals helps us gain a deeper understanding of the cultural connotation of poems on wandering immortals.