宋代上梁文初探

Brief on Shangliangwen in Song Dynasty

上梁文是一种施用于建筑物"上梁"仪式的实用性文体。上梁文首见于北朝温子升,唐五代主要流行于敦煌民间民俗中,北宋前期,经王禹、杨亿等人改造,成为一种重要的文章类型。早期上梁文大多具有模式化倾向,苏轼贬放惠州期间写作的《白鹤新居上梁文》,使上梁文的精神实质发生了重大转型。自此以后,上梁文的写作表现出鲜明的个性化倾向,成为南宋文人抒情写意、言志言趣的重要载体。

'Shangliangwen' is a practical literary style at the ceremony of 'shangliang'(mount the beam in building the new house).This literary style first appeared in the writing by Wen Zisheng in North Dynasty,and became popular near Dunhuang in Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties.It became an important writing style in early North Song after improvement by Wang Yucheng and Yang Yi.The early 'shangliangwen' mostly had certain mode,but after the writing of 'Shangliangwen at White Crane New House' by Su Shi,who was demeaned to Huizhou,the 'shangliangwen' changed greatly.Since that time,the writing of 'shangliangwen' is featured with striking characteristics,and became to be an important carrier to express the emotions and ambitions of literators in South Song Dynasty.