西安地区军队老年人健康相关因素分析

Analysis of health-related factors in a cohort of retired military male veterans in Xi'an

目的探讨西安地区65岁以上军队老年人健康相关因素及各因素随年龄变化趋势。方法从2005年6月30日-2006年6月30日对1987年建立的西安市22所军队离退休干部队列人群中的健康相关因素进行了再次调查，完成调查的干部694例，对其18年前后健康相关因素的变化趋势进行了对比分析。结果694例老年人中，吸烟率67．58％，饮酒率63．83％，自答锻炼率88．47％，按中国成人体重指数（BMI）标准，超重者（BMI≥24kg／cm^2）287例，肥胖者（BMI≥28kg／cm^2）80例；体检指标18年后与18年前比较显示，TG上升、舒张压下降、锻炼者和饮酒者比例均升高（P〈0.05），各种疾病患病率随年龄的增加均有上升趋势（P〈0.05）。结论该人群吸烟率、饮酒率和超重率高于国内水平，提示在该人群中应加强相关健康教育；同时也要密切关注多种疾病患病率随年龄发生的动态变化。

Objective To identify the health-related factors in retired veterans aged 65 or above and their changing tendency in a cohort of military retired veterans in Xi＇an,China. Methods An epidemiological survey was carried out from June 30,2005, to June 30,2006, in a cohort, which was set up in 1987 and included 1268 Chinese retired military veterans from 22 health centers,Xi＇an. 694 responders finished the questionaire and corresponding data were analyzed. Results Smoking rate and drinking rate were 67.58% and 63.83% respectively. 88.47% of responders did exercise regularly. According to Chinese body mass index （BMI） standard,287 were overweight （BMI〉24 kg/cm^2） and 80 were obese （BMI〉28 kg/cm^2）. Compared with the baseline data 18 years ago, the levels of TG,exercise rate and drinking rate increased significantly （ P〈0. 05）, the level of diastolic blood pressure （DBP） decreased significantly. Prevalence of all kinds of diseases increased significantly with aging （ P〈0.05）. Conclusions Smoking, drinking alcohol, and over-weight rates in the cohort were higher than the national levels, suggesting that health education is necessary. At the same time, close attention should be paid to the changes of prevalence of all kinds of diseases with aging.