头孢哌酮-舒巴坦的体外抗菌活性及其临床应用

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY IN VITRO AND CLINICAL USE OF SULPERAZON

为了探索头孢哌酮－舒巴坦（舒普深）对医院感染菌的体外抗菌活性及其临床抗感染的有效性及安全性，对１９９５年度临床标本分离的１３７２株细菌作了包括本药在内的１７种抗生素的敏感性测定，其中革兰阴性菌１０３５株，占７５．４％，革兰阳性菌３３７株，占２４．６％；并应用舒普深治疗以呼吸系为主的细菌感染５０例次。该５０例次（４３例）细菌感染中，５８．０％发生在血液系恶性疾患和实体瘤患者，而０．２４％的患者感染处于粒细胞缺乏状态。细菌培养阳性率５６％。给药方法：每次１．０～２．０ｇ，每日２次，疗程５～１８天，其中＞７天者占５６．０％（２８／５０例次）。结果显示舒普深在体外药敏试验中对常见革兰阴性和阳性菌的敏感率高，耐药率低，优于其他第三代头孢菌素。临床应用中抗感染的有效率为８４．０％（４２／５０例次），细菌清除率为８９．３％（２５／２８例次）。除３例（６．０％）有丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）短暂增高外，未见其他副作用。

In order to approach antibacterial activity in vitro and the efficacy of Sulperazon (SPZ)(sulbactam/cefoperazone), the sensitivity tests of 1 372 strains from clinical isolated bacteria to 17 antibiotics including SPZ were determined. The Gram negative bacteria occupied 1 035 strains (75.4) and Gram positive 337 strains (24.6%). 50 episodes of infections of major respiratory system in 43 patients were treated by SPZ. 58% of bacterial infections occurred in hematologic malignant diseases and solid tumors patients. 24% of 50 episodes were in neutropenia status. The positive rate of bac terial cluteres was 56% in the series. 1.0～2.0g SPZ was administerted twice a day for 5～18 days, 56% of them was more than seven days (28/50 episodes). The results of susceptibility tests showed that sensitive rates were most high and the nesistant rates of SPZ were lower than these of to common Gram negative and Gram positive bac teria in third generation cephalosporins. The efficacy rate of SPZ in clinical use was 84%(42/50 episodes), bacterial clearance rate was 89%(25/28 episodes). Three cases (6%) had temporary elevation and other adverse reactions of SPZ were not seen.