强化内源反硝化脱氮及污泥减量化研究

Nitrogen Removal by Enhanced Endogenous Denitrification with Excess Activated Sludge Reduction Technology

为提高传统污水处理工艺内源反硝化脱氮效率，在系统内部实现污泥减量，设计了水解酸化/缺氧/好氧（H/A/O）生物脱氮及污泥减量化工艺.试验采用连续流处理装置，以实际生活污水为研究对象.结果表明，在进水COD（220-410 mg/L）、NH4^＋-N（36-58 mg/L）、总水力停留时间为11 h、硝化液回流比为300%、无外加碳源和碱度条件下，COD、NH4^＋-N和TN的平均去除率分别超过90%、95%和75%.在缺氧段碳源充足的条件下，随着硝化液回流比的增加，系统TN平均去除率升高；当碳源不足时，随着硝化液回流比的增加，系统TN平均去除率降低.污水经水解酸化预处理后，反硝化速率大大升高.水解酸化段利用水解酸化作用对回流剩余污泥的减量达到56.2%，污水、污泥经过水解酸化处理，大大提高了系统脱氮效率.以水解酸化作为传统的城市污水及污泥处理工艺，既可有效地改善污水的可生化性，提高系统污染物平均去除率，增强污水处理系统运行的稳定性，又可实现污水、污泥一体化处理.

In order to increase the efficiency of nitrogen removal by endogenous denitrification, and to realize the excess activated sludge reduction in the traditional wastewater treatment process, this investigation proposes a hydrolysis/anoxic/oxic （H/A/O） process utilizing nitrogen removal with excess activated sludge reduction. The experimental equipment for continuous treatment of domestic wastewater was set up and the pilot experiment was conducted. The results showed that, without adding external carbon sources and alkalinity, the removal efficiency of COD, NH4^＋-N and TN were higher than 90% , 95% and 75%, respectively, under the condition that the hydraulic retention time was 10 h and the backflow ratio of nitrification liquor was 300%, the COD of influent between 220 - 410 mg/L, the NH4^＋-N of influent between 36 - 58 mg/L. When the carbon source was not the limiting condition of the denitrification, with the increasing of the return nitrification liquor, the nitrogen removal efficiency increased. On the contrary, with the increasing of the return nitrification liquor, the nitrogen removal efficiency decreased. It has been tested that the reduction rate of excess activated sludge in the system reached 56.2 % . The nitrogen removal efficiency was improved greatly by the wastewater and excess activated sludge hydrolysis. It＇s proved that using hydrolysis as pre-treatment of wastewater and excess activated sludge is feasible, thas it not only improved the biodegaradability of wastewater and the nutrient removal efficiency, but also enhanced the stability for the operation of the wastewater treatment system, and then the wastewater and excess activated sludge were treatment simultaneously.