中晚唐及第举人入幕的若干问题

On Some Issues of Successful Candidates in Provincial Imperial Examimation Entering Mufu in Middle and Late Tang Dynasty

随着中晚唐吏部铨选不断放宽及第举人入幕使府的限制,并鼓励其入幕锻炼从政经验,使得大批及第举人涌入使府。藩镇辟幕僚时在注重科名与门第的同时,也受世旧、亲故、座主门生等社会关系的影响。若以及第举人入幕的类型来看,其在不同时期选择使府的标准有所不同,与中晚唐的政局紧密相连,其命运和机遇与入幕藩镇的类型有明显差异。影响中晚唐及第举人选择入幕使府类型的主要因素有二:一为使府的经济实力在国家财政中所占的地位,直接影响到及第举人的升迁和经济收入。从而影响到及第举人入幕的选择;二为方镇在政局变化中的政治、军事地位,与府主的身份直接相关,府主的身份和地位间接地影响到入幕及第举人的升迁和前途。

In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, Libu relaxes its restrictions on the the successful candidates in the provincial imperial examination to enter Mufu and encourages them to work in Mufu to get some administrative experiences, which leads to a lot of successful candidates pouring into Mufu. While choosing their staff, the governors of Mufu pay much attention to not only the candidates＇ achievements in the imperial examination and backgrounds, but also their social relationships. Meanwhile, the successful candidates also have different standards in choosing Mufu, for the types of Mufu and its political influence will finally determine their fate and official career. Commonly, two factors contribute to the successful candidates＇ decision on choosing Mufu, namely the financial strength and the social status of the governors of Mufu, because they can directly or indirectly influence the candidates＇ promotion and their political career.