中等城市社区护理服务内容及影响因素研究

Investigation of Community Nursing Services and the Influential Factors

目的了解社区护理服务内容,探讨影响社区护理服务内容的因素。方法采用问卷调查湖北省3个中等城市在职社区护士从事的社区护理服务内容,包括疾病护理、健康教育、预防、保健、家庭护理、康复、营养指导、计划生育、精神卫生、社区卫生诊断、临终关怀,并分析其相关因素。结果社区护士从事的社区护理服务内容前2位是疾病护理(94.1%)和健康教育(88.6%),后2位是社区卫生诊断(15.4%)和临终关怀(14.6%)。与年龄有关的社区护理内容是康复;与学历有关的是健康教育、预防、精神卫生、社区卫生诊断;与职称有关的是家庭护理、精神卫生、营养指导;与社区护理年限有关的是健康教育、预防、计划生育、家庭护理。结论社区护士目前从事较多的社区护理服务是疾病护理和健康教育,较少的是社区卫生诊断及临终关怀。应该合理配备社区护理人员,规范社区护理程序,提高社区护士的业务素质,创造条件大力开展社区护理服务内容。

Objective To find out what the community nursing services are and to explore the related influential factors. Methods The questionnaires was used to survey the community nursing services in 3 medium - sized cities of Hubei province from the aspects of disease nursing, health education, prevention and healthcare, family nursing, rehabilitation, nutrition guidance, family planning, psychological health, community medical diagnosis and hospice care. And the related influential factors were analyzed. Results The first two services offered by community nurses were diseases nursing （94. 1% ） and health education （88.6%）, the last two were medical diagnosis （15.4%） and hospice care （14. 6% ）. The offered service mainly influenced by age was rehabilitation; the services influenced by education background were health education, prevention, psychological health and community medical diagnosis; the services influenced by professional titles were family planning, psychological health and nutrition guidance ; the services influenced by working years were health education, prevention, family planning and family nursing. Conclusion Community nurses offer more disease nursing and health education but less medical diagnosis and hospice care. The community nurses should be assigned more appropriately, nursing procedures be more standardized, professional qualities be enhanced, and a better condition be built up to develop community nursing services.