安氏各类错软硬组织侧貌间关系的研究

The relationship between soft and hard tissue profiles in Angle three malocclusions

目的：比较正常袷及安氏各类错[牙合]软硬组织侧貌形态间的差异，加深对错[牙合]畸形面型特征的认识。方法：选择12～15岁间袷型与骨型一致的错[牙合]患者共260例，Ⅰ类错[牙合]97例，男50，女47；Ⅱ类错[牙合]95例，男51，女44；Ⅲ类错[牙合]68例，男29，女39。另选择12～15岁正常恒牙[牙合]者49例做对照，男25例，女24例。选择能充分体现软硬组织侧貌表面形态特征的13对指标，在正常袷、安氏各类错[牙合]之间，对这13对指标的差值进行单因素方差分析。结果：反映软硬组织侧貌面型差异的对应指标的差值组间均有显著性差异，软组织侧貌比骨性侧貌凸，变凸的程度随Ⅱ、Ⅰ、Ⅲ类增大；上下唇突距与对应硬组织指标的差值、女性上下唇倾度与对应硬组织指标的差值组间有显著性差异，反映出软组织分布随Ⅱ、Ⅰ、Ⅲ类的变化增大上唇突度、减小下唇突度的趋势。结论：安氏各类错[牙合]间软组织覆盖分布特征存在差异，软组织分布对矢状向骨骼发育异常、前牙关系不协调有一定的补偿和掩饰作用。

Objective： To compare differences between soft and hard tissue profiles in Angle three malocclusions and normal group, to further understand the facial pattern features of malocclusion. Methods：260 patients between 12 - 15 years old who have same type of occlusial pattern and skeletal pattern were selected. 97 belong to Angle Class Ⅰ malocclusion, include 50 males and 47 females; 95 belong to Angle Class Ⅱ malocclusion, 51 males and 44 females; the left 68 patients belong to Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion, 29 males and 39 females. 49 normal occlusion subjects, 25 males and 24 females, served as control. 13 pairs of measurements, e.g. 〈SnNsSi ＆ 〈ANB, which can fully describe the soft-tissue and hard-tissue topography, were chosen. One-way ANOVA was performed to test the difference of each pair among the four groups. Results：Those paired measurements describing differences among soft-tissue and hard-tissue saggital facial pattern showed statistically significant differences among groups. Soft-tissue tends to be more convex than hard-tissue, and the extent of this difference increases from class Ⅱ, class Ⅰ to class Ⅲ; distance from upper lip to SnPos and from lower lip to SnPos and female＇s inclination of upper and lower lip to FH and their hard-tissue counterparts are significantly different among groups, showed a tendency of increase of upper lip protrusion, decrease of lower lip protrusion from class Ⅱ, class Ⅰ to class Ⅲ. Condusion ： Different type of Angle＇s malocclusion has different soft-tissue integument characteristics. Soft-tissue integument has certain effects on compensating and camouflaging the saggital disharmony of jaws and incisors.