HBV孕妇感染现状及影响因素分析

Cross-sectional investigation on HBV infection among pregnant women

目的了解孕妇乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的感染状况、感染模式及影响因素。方法采用ELISA法检测孕妇乙型肝炎血清标志物(HBVM)。结果孕妇HBV总感染率为8.63%(264/3 060),HBsAg阳性率为8.19%(251/3060)。孕妇HBV感染的HBVM模式有12种,以"小三阳"模式最多见为35.98%(95/264)。不同职业、年龄感染率相近(P>0.05)。有明确乙型病毒性肝炎疫苗接种史孕妇感染率为6.72%(78/1161),明显低于未接种孕妇(11.79%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论孕妇存在一定程度的HBV感染,以"小三阳"模式最多见,乙肝疫苗接种是预防孕妇HBV感染的有效方法。

Objective To explore the infection state, infection modes and influencing factors of HBV in pregnant women. Methods Hepatitis B virus markers（HBVM） in serum of pregnant women were detected by ELISA. Results The total of HBV infection and positive of HBsAg in pregnant women were 8.63% （264/3 060） and 8.19% （251/3 060）. Twelve modes were confirmed and 35.98 % （95/264） in the mode of positive of HBsAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc. No significant difference was confirmed in the positive rate of HBsAg in different occupation groups and age groups（ P 〉 0.05）. The infection of HBV in pregnant women with vaccine was lower （6.72 %, 78/1 161 ） than those without vaccine （ 11.79 %, 110/933 ）, （ P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Infection of HBV is present in some pregnant women and the mode of HBsAg（ ＋ ）, anti-HBe（ ＋ ）, anti- HBc（ ＋ ） is more common. The injection of HBV vaccine is identified as one of the valid methods to prevent HBV infection in pregnant women.