胶体金免疫层法在鼠疫监测中应用效果评价

Evaluation on application of immunochromatographic assay in plague surveillance

目的了解胶体金免疫层析法在鼠疫监测中的作用及其优劣。同时观察56℃30 min灭活与升汞盐水作用1 min对鼠疫菌F1抗体检测的影响。方法对2006年从广西隆林县、西林县鼠疫监测中收集的鼠脏器、鼠血清以及既往鼠疫抗体阳性患者血清,利用胶体金免疫层析技术进行鼠疫菌F1抗原(脏器)与F1抗体(血清)检测。结果鼠肝脏120份、鼠脾脏99份,胶体金法检测鼠疫菌Fl抗原均为阴性;鼠血清235份胶体金法检测鼠疫菌F1抗体为阴性、既往鼠疫阳性病人27例,胶体金检测鼠疫菌Fl抗体灭活组阳性2例,阳性率为7.41%(2/27),升汞组均为阴性。结论升汞对鼠疫菌F1抗体的检测有抑制作用;胶体金免疫层析法具有特异性强、敏感性高、操作简便、快速等优点,在鼠疫监测中具有重要意义。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness, pros and cons of immunochromatogragphic assay （ICA） in plague surveillance, and to study the effects of mercuric chloride treatment for 1 minute and heat inactivation at 56℃ for 30 minutes on detection of antibody against Yersinia pestis F1 antigen in serum. Methods In 2006, organs and serum samples from rats and cases were obtained during the plague surveillance in Longlin and Xilin counties. ICA was used to detect F1 antigen of Yersinia pestis in rat organs and F1 antibody in sera. Results A total of 120 rat liver and 99 spleen samples were tested negative for Yersinia pestis F1 antigen; all 235 rat serum samples were negative for F1 antibody. Two （7.41% ） of the 27plague cases were positive for F1 antibody after heat inactivation of sera, but none was positive after mercuric chloride treatment. Conclusion Mercuric chloride inhibits the detection of Yersinia pestis F1 antibody. ICA is highly specific and sensitive, rapid and easy to perform therefore it is of epidemiologic importance in plague surveillance.